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SaaS 3.0 – Data, Platforms, and the AI/ML gold rush

An impending recession, the AI/ML gold rush, Data as the new oil, SaaS Explosion…
The SaaS landscape is changing rapidly and so are the customer expectations!

18 months ago, I came across a message that India is a premier hub for global B2B SaaS, just like Israel is a hub for cybersecurity. At first, I did not think much of it, but after having interacted with many SaaS founders and observing their painful growth journey, I realized the potential in these words. Yet, a series of market shifts are changing the world order of SaaS putting at test India’s position as a premier hub for SaaS.

TL;DR

The SaaS 3.0 market shifts are changing how global customers perceive value from SaaS products:

  • Tools which provide higher levels of automation & augmentation are valued more.
  • Comprehensive solutions in place of single point products is a preference.
  • Interoperability across the gamut of systems is an expected norm.

Startups, you have to build your new orbit to solve for these evolving needs. First, focus on delivering a 5x increase in customer value through an AI-enabled proposition. Next, build your proprietary data pot of gold, which can also serve as a sustainable moat. Lastly, leverage platforms & partnerships to offer a suite of products and solve comprehensive customer scenarios.

Read more on how the convergence of market shifts are impacting SaaS 3.0.

Quick background

While the SaaS industry began over 2 decades ago, many say it is only now entering the teenage years. Similar to the surge of hormones which recently brought my teenage daughter face-to-face with her first pimple. And she is facing a completely new almost losing battle with creams and home remedies. In the same vein, convergence of several market shifts – technology, data, economics, geopolitics – combined with deep SaaS penetration is evolving the industry to a new era. This rare convergence – like the convergence of the nine realms in Thor Dark World – is also rapidly changing how customers perceive the capability of SaaS products.

Convergence #1 – SaaS penetration is exploding!

I learned from Bala at Techstars India that they received a record number of applications for their first accelerator program. 60% of these were building or ideating some form of B2B SaaS offering. It would seem to justify the message above, that SaaS in India has grown legs, building a true viral movement, replicating momentum. Yet in these large numbers, there is also a substantial ratio of repetitive products to innovations. Repetitive in say building yet another CRM, or mindlessly riding a trend wave such as chatbots. Without an increased pace of innovation beyond our existing successes, we cannot continue to be a premier hub.

In 2018 SaaS continued to be the largest contributor to cloud revenue growth at 17.8% (it was down from 20.2% in 2017). Competition is heating up in all categories of SaaS. 10 years ago, an average SME customer was using 2 apps, now it averages at 16 apps. 5 years ago, a SaaS startup had on average 3 competitors, now a SaaS startups averages at 10 customers right out the door. Many popular SaaS categories are  “Red Oceans”. Competing in these areas is typically on the basis of features or price, dimensions which are easy for any competition to catch up on. There is a need for startups to venture deeper into the sea and discover unserved & unmet customer needs in a “Blue Ocean” where they have ample opportunity to fish and build a sustainable moat.

AppZen started with an opportunity to build conversational chatbots for employees, helping them in an enterprise workflows on various aspects like sales & expenses, and several other companies are doing the same. But as they went deeper to understand the customer pains, they were able to identify an unserved need and pivoted, leveraging the same AI technology they had built, to solve for T&E expense auditing. Being a first mover to solve this problem, they are carving out leadership in this underserved space and is one of the fastest growing SaaS startups of 2018.

Convergence #2 – Impending recession in 2019/2020!

On average recessions come every four years and we are currently 9 years from the last recession. The war between the Fed vs the US govt on interest rates, the recent US govt shutdown on a frivolous $B wall, the tariff and trade war between the US and China, are all indicative reasons for an upcoming recession. In such an uncertain economy, customers experience reduced business activity and alter their behavior and preferences:

  • Customers will become crystal clear about satisfying their core needs versus nice-to-haves.
  • They will seek high automation tools to help not only cut costs but also to make strategic decisions for an upside.
  • Many will prefer a suite of tools instead of buying multiple single point products.
  • They will also slow down POC, investment, partnership activities.

In a way, this is mixed news. Companies often pursue low-cost digital products with SaaS being a natural choice. However, combined with the competitive SaaS landscape, businesses become very selective. To be recession-proof startups must:

  1. Collaborate and partner with other vendors to build a shared view of the larger customer scenarios. Innovate to share (anonymized) data/intelligence.
  2. Partner to deliver a comprehensive solution instead of solving for a gap. 
  3. Invest & experiment in building solid AI-enabled automation for improving efficiency and decision making.

E.g. Clearbit’s approach to provide API and allow customers to leverage the value it provides, by integrating with common platforms such as Slack or Gmail which customers frequently use. In this approach they are reducing app switching and embedding the niche usecase into the larger customer workflow environment.

Another e.g. Tact.ai is helping increase sales team efficiency and bring visibility of field data to the leadership team. They are not only solving the core salesforce data entry problem for field sales, but with better data in the system, businesses now get better visibility about sales activities and can take effective strategic decisions.

Convergence #3 – the AI/ML gold rush!

During the dot com & mobile rush in early 2000, I watched many a friend jump ship to build a startup. At that time the web was flush with rich content, but the mobile web was in its early growth and innovative ways to bring web content onto mobile phones were being explored. Automated conversion of HTML to WML was a hot topic. But the ecosystem conditions were not aligned for completely automated WML transformations. Several startups in this space including my friend’s startup shut for such reasons.

More recently in 2016-17 Chatbots were projected to be the next big thing and it too suffered from similar misalignment. Chatbots were the first attempt to bring AI/NLP for customer interaction. However, they lacked the depth of ecosystem conditions to make them successful. 

  1. Bots were treated as a panacea for all kinds of customer interactions and were blindly applied to problems. 70% of the 100,000+ bots on Facebook Messenger fail to fulfill simple user requests. This is partly a result of not focusing on one strong area of focus for user interaction.
  2. Bots were implemented with rule-based dialogues, there was no conversational design built into it. NLP is still in its infancy and most bots lacked data to provide meaningful interactions. They were purely a reflection of the level of detail and thought that went into the creation of the bots.

AI/ML, however, is suffering from the “hype” of an “AI/ML hype”. There is a considerable depth within the AI/ML ecosystem iceberg. Amazon, Google, Microsoft…OpenSource are continuously evolving their AI stack with higher and higher fidelity of tools & algorithms. You no longer need fancy degrees to work the AI tools and automate important customer workflows or scenarios. 

Yet it is easier said than done. Most startups on the AI journey struggle to get sufficient data to build effective ML models. Further, data privacy has increased the complexity of sharing data, which now resides in distant silos. While internal proprietary data is a rich source of patterns, often times it is incomplete. In such cases, entrepreneurs must innovate, partner, source to build complete data as part of their data collection strategy. A strong data collection strategy allows for a sustainable moat. 

AIndra multiplied 7000 stains into 7M data points by splitting into microdata records. DataGen a startup in Israel, is generating fake data to help startups train models. The fake data is close enough to real data that the use is ethical and effective. Startups like Datum are building data marketplaces using blockchain to democratize data access. 

As mentioned many of the AI tools are limited in their constraints. Meanwhile, getting familiar with the capabilities and limitations of the necessary tools will help form a strategy path to solving the larger customer scenarios. 

Tact.ai faced the constraint by the limitations of the Alexa API. However, instead of building their own NLP they focused on working around the constraints, leveraging Alexa’s phrase based recognition to iteratively build value into their product. During this time, they continue to build a corpus of valuable data which will set them up for high growth when the NLP stack reaches higher fidelity.

Solving for the Hierarchy of Customer Needs

The convergence of SaaS penetration, AI/ML, data & privacy, uncertain economy & global policies… the customer expectations are rising up the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. SaaS 1.0 was all about digital transformation on the cloud. SaaS 2.0 focused on solving problems for the mobile first scenarios. In the SaaS 3.0 era, the customer expectations are moving to the next higher levels. They will:

  • Prefer comprehensive solutions in place of single point products.
  • Expect interoperability across the gamut of systems.
  • Need tools which provide higher levels of automation & augmentation.

For startups who want to fortify their presence in the SaaS 3.0 era :

  1. Begin with a strong AI value proposition in mind, regardless if it is AI-first or AI-second. Articulate the 5x increase in value you can deliver using AI, which wasn’t feasible without AI. 
  2. Build your proprietary data pot of gold. And, where necessary augment with external data through strategic partnerships. A strong data lever will enable a sustainable moat. 
  3. Leverage platforms & partnerships to offer a suite of products for solving a comprehensive customer scenario.

Remember it is a multi-year journey, Start Now!

 

I would like to acknowledge Ashish Sinha (NextBigWhat), Bala Girisabala (Techstars India), Manish Singhal (Pi Ventures), Suresh Sambandam (KiSSFlow), and Sharad Sharma (iSPIRT) who helped with data, insights and critical feedback in crafting this writeup. Sheeba Sheikh (Freelance Designer) worked her wonderful illustrations which brought the content to life. 

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India SaaS Survey 2016 – Decoding our SaaS industry

Strength of a industry is not just judged by how much it contributes to the economy. There are a number of factors to consider and surveys play a major role in painting a clear picture.

The India SaaS Survey is all about getting the pulse of the burgeoning SaaS ecosystem in our country. A survey of this kind is indispensable in drawing an insightful analysis and in getting credible benchmarking data about how the industry is shaping out. Though nascent, the SaaS industry has a lot of potential. The data from the survey is useful not only to help entrepreneurs and investors but also showcases the prospect of the industry to technically sound aspirants looking to step into the industry.

Signal Hill, India’s largest software investment banking advisory practice in partnership with iSPIRT, the Indian Software Product Industry Round Table decided to conduct the India SaaS Survey last year. In their commitment to refreshing results of the survey annually, the second edition took shape. The learnings of the first edition has made the second iteration a better fit to the cause.

iSPIRT puts the number of respondents who took the survey at 10% of the entire SaaS ecosystem in India!

This sizable sample size with variation ranging from bootstrapping startups to the biggest names in the industry is what sets it apart from the rest. As the SaaS ecosystem in India continues to grow, participation is bound to further increase and India SaaS survey would be the benchmark.

Image credits to The Economic times

Here are the 7 key takeaways of the India SaaS Survey 2016:

  1. NCR has moved up three places to the second position and established itself as the latest hotspot for SaaS companies
  2. Vertical focussed SaaS players occupy majority share of the scaled and funded respondent pie
  3. Enterprise focussed clients have reported higher median growth rates compared to SMB/SME focussed players
  4. Though inside sales is by far the most preferred and effective sales channel, post the $1Mn ARR mark respondents do report an increased usage of feet on street (which is still #2 after inside sales)
  5. ‘Try and Buy’ is the most preferred sales model (vs. sales channel)
  6. Horizontal and Vertical SaaS players report similar median growth rates, however companies that focus on the US as their primary market (as against India or Asia) reported distinctively higher median growth rates
  7. The median CAC payback period (for >$1Mn ARR) is 6-12 months

Do have a look at all the data we dissect with the survey:


We are open to your suggestions to make this survey better with time. Please do let us know what else you would love to see us cover next time. Write to us at indiasaassurvey(at)signalhill.in

On behalf of Signal Hill & iSPIRT Team

Nishant & Varun(SignalHill), Krish(ChargeBee) & Suresh(KiSSFlow)

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‘SaaS’ – the product advantage and need

India has all the potential to lead the world in the SaaS segment, yet the largest number of SaaS companies relocate out of India, for want of ease-of-doing-business. SaaS is one of the major blocks in the emerging Software product Industry of India and it needs urgent attention in this digital economy age.

Whether SaaS is a product or service is often debated.

From the perspective of integration of SaaS into the overall policy frame work of the country, it is crucial for us to understand the dynamics of the SaaS business.

This is the first in a series of  blogs to understand the dynamics of  SaaS as a sub-sector within the Software Product Industry. The idea of this blog is not to prove that SaaS is not a service, but to emphasize that it closely relates to the Software Product Industry, and is distinct from the custom built, project/program run or SLA based IT/ITES services Industry. And further, there is a need to include this as a part of the Indian Software Product Industry (iSPI) in order to be in an advantageous position to both  – promote the SaaS business and also to develop an eco-system that is synergistic to all segments of the Software Product Industry.

SaaS has both a product and a service component. The product precedes the service. The service is not just the access but also the elements of all that goes into providing service to a consumer. Whereas customer satisfaction is focal to the service component, the attractively featured product, stability, cutting edge technology, speed and security are focal to the product side. The product needs a continuous investment and development. Product is the flesh and blood of the SaaS business body, and the body needs the air of service, to breath and run. The interplay between the product and the service component of a SaaS offering is important for success.

SaaS – Product advantage side

SaaS as a product or a service is a border line debate. Here are some important pointers to why SaaS has more weight to be classified as a product than a service:

  1. Software-as-a-Service is an online access or delivery model, thus offering a different business model. In most situations, the same Software (with same features) product can also be sold in a Pre-packaged form, delivered and used in an on-premises model.

A software in any form (on media, downloaded online, on premises or accessed online over Intranet or Internet) provides a service to a user but the software itself is a “product” or an “intangible good”. There is no doubt that SaaS is also a pre-packaged software. The distinction is in the delivery model and the business model.

Hence, all three forms i.e. the Pre-packaged software sold on a media, downloaded online and SaaS model possess the properties of ‘digital/intangible goods’. The other models of channel sales and distribution e.g. EULA, paper license and self-generated access PINs, all can apply to any of these three forms.

  1. SaaS is subject to the same IP law and IP right issues as the non-SaaS product is.
  2. SaaS is mostly sold in an MRP format, the price-quantity relation is very clearly defined. MRP is a concept clearly applicable to supply of goods, produced.
  3. The condition ‘license for use’ can be a condition for a service but for a product the license is for “right to use” and as soon as the license is sold to the customer, for a consideration the “right to use” is transferred for the specified period of time. Thus, implying a condition of transfer of “right to use”.
  4. Trade is the most important aspect: Many people assume SaaS means a direct B2C relationship between the SaaS Product Company and the end users. No SaaS company can become global  unless it focuses on the ‘trade’ aspect of the business.

Even direct B2C has to incorporate trade as an important attribute. Microsoft when it sells office365 hosted product is a SaaS company that is trading a bundle of products and an integrated services through its channel partners. Scale can be attained only when a SaaS producer take with him a strong ecosystem of trading partners.

When trade has to be activated as an important attribute of a successful SaaS business, the transfer of ‘right to use’ or trade of ‘right to use’ becomes inevitable. Being a product company carries a built in message to channel partners for trade.

What is traded is the features of product, the ‘goods’ that you sell and the ‘service’ component gets activated only when the end-user interfaces. B2C can either convert in to a B2B2C or B2nb>c.

  1. The Software Products of modern age may be a combination  of complex scientific or commercial applications with a mix of data, voice, video, images, texts, document files.

A combination of one can produce another. SaaS therefore, cannot be limited to the strict periphery of a ‘computer program’ or ‘information technology software’ but graduate to be a ‘digital good’ that forms the basis of a ‘digital economy’.

  1. Considerable capital is invested in R&D, product development and product improvisations on continual basis in any SaaS based product. The differentiation is achieved in Product side by bundling the differential features. The Differentiation in service side is also incidental to the robustness, user friendliness, ease of use, security and most importantly the together the quality of product itself.

Hence, even when the service side is so important to the SaaS business, the Q-o-S itself depends heavily on the quality of the SaaS Product.

The Software Product and SaaS Industry in India

The global Software Product Industry is estimated to reach $1.2 trillion by 2025. The Indian Software product industry today is about 5% of the total exports. The total revenue of software product industry in India is $6.1 billion today. Indian Software Product Industry by conservative 10% estimate will be $100+ billion by 2025.

According to the Google-Accel Report  the SaaS business in India is about $600+ million and will be $10 billion by 2025, which makes it 1% of the entire Software product estimates.

IDC has a higher forecast which says, by 2018, 27.8% of the worldwide enterprise applications market will be SaaS-based, generating $50.8 billion where SaaS revenue is forecast to grow at 17.6% CAGR. 27.8% translates to approximately one third of worldwide enterprise applications market.

If a combination of all these numbers are to be believed, the global SaaS market in 2025 at a CAGR of 17.5% will be $157 Billion. If the share of SaaS (27.8% of global enterprise app market) comes true and is retained the SaaS business in 2025 will be much higher than $157 Billion.

The domestic market in India is not strong enough. Most SaaS players are presently targeting the matured global markets with matured online acceptance and internet penetration. The online acceptance in India is also on rise and the rising e-commerce industry speaks volumes about it.

The Domestic market is going to get further strengthened due to various factors in coming times. “Digital India” will increase internet penetration as well as improved bandwidth accessible to consumers. A drive for cashless economy will push large number of SMEs. “India Stack” will enable large number of SaaS products. Government buying will increase in SaaS space with acceptability of cloud and opex business models.

In view of the above, India can certainly aspire to be at a much more than $10 billion by 2025. India will need to harness its prowess to aim at 15% global SaaS market and hence aspire to cross the $20 billion mark by 2025, which is double of the Google-Accel report which seems to focus just the SMB market.

Pursuing the Policy for Software Products

The above mentioned targets require a serious look at the country level “strategy” and developing a complete eco-system that can help the SaaS industry boom in India.

This requires consolidating Software product as an Industry with SaaS as an important vertical block and accordingly a need for following:

  1. Focused policy by Govt. of India
  2. Aligned trade and tax regimes
  3. Participative Industry action by various agencies on ground

iSPIRT has been following action at various levels on all of the above.

The National policy frameworks provide recognition to an Industry sector or sub-sector as well as provide a strategic frame work for growth of this Industry. There are two major Industrial policy frameworks.

  1. The IT Policy is primarily catering to the IT Services industry and has mixed agenda.
  2. National Policy for Electronic (hardware). The focus of this policy is to promote electronic products.

There is no national level policy focused on Software products.

To further this objective, iSPIRT is pursuing a National Policy for Software Products (NPSP). SaaS naturally forms a part of this proposed NPSP within the realms of Software products industry. Included part of these plans is the trade and tax specific issues with Govt. of India on reforming and making these regimes futuristic to compete in the world trade and ease of doing business in India.

One of the results of this active follow up on Govt. policy has been the Startup policy. SaaS has one of the biggest tractions in the Software Product startup space. SaaS startup is closest to the Software product startup in terms of issues and challenges faced.

Conclusion note

Both the product and the service side of SaaS cannot be ignored. Even the service component in SaaS is about using this digital (intangible) product. Both  – the product is intangible and also the service it provides is intangible  – just as any other enterprise on premises software product. Yet, product is an overwhelming part, right from stage when SaaS is conceived.

The issues of product development, funding, marketing, trade and taxation are all common to the Software Product Industry.

In view of the above, it is advantageous for the SaaS Industry to position itself as a product-based service providing industry.  This will help build an integrative Software Product industry of India, which can develop global products in all segments enterprise, on premises, mobile apps, cloud and SaaS based, even as we keep progressing towards building SaaS as new generation Industry.

SaaS will be the segment to reckon with as India emerges into a Software Product Nation in next decade.

References

[1] Google Accel Report – SaaS India, Global SMB Market, $50B in 2025 Public Version 1.1 – 7 March 2016. http://www.slideshare.net/AccelIndiaVC/google-accel-report-saasinindia-public-version-11-7-march-2016.

2 IDC report reference. http://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/2014/12/20/idc-predicts-saas-enterprise-applications-will-be-a-50-8b-market-by-2018/#1de5d71295ae

3 Startup India http://startupindia.gov.in/